A number of deer parks still remain in the county. Non-League semi-professional teams in the county include Southern Premier Division teams Dorchester Town F.C., Poole Town F.C. The A37 travels north-west from Dorchester to Yeovil in Somerset. This meeting was effectively the start of the Glorious Revolution. Bournemouth und Christchurch wurden 1974 von Hampshire nach Dorset umgegliedert. [148], In 2009 there were 2,340 armed forces personnel stationed in Dorset including the Royal Armoured Corps at Bovington, Royal Signals at Blandford and the Royal Marines at Poole. During the Iron Age, the British tribe known as the Durotrigesestablished a s… Page 134. It is also a reference to the Wessex Dragon, a symbol of the Saxon Kingdom which Dorset once belonged to, and the gold wreath featured on the badge of the Dorset Regiment. [221], Dorset is one of the few counties in England not to have a motorway. [2][3] It is first mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle in AD 845 and in the 10th century the county's archaic name, Dorseteschyre (Dorsetshire), was first recorded. [235], Unlike all of its neighbouring counties, Dorset does not have a cathedral. South Yorkshire | Darüber hinaus wurden in Dorset der Künstler Sir James Thornhill, die Musiker Sir John Eliot Gardiner, PJ Harvey und Robert Fripp (King Crimson), die Paläontologin Mary Anning, der Ruderchampion Matthew Pinsent und die Erzbischöfe John Morton und William Wake geboren. [29][31] The Duke of Monmouth's unsuccessful attempt to overthrow James II began when he landed at Lyme Regis in 1685. Send as an e-mail. Its name comes from excavations made at Cape Dorset at Baffin Island. [13][15] Over the next few centuries the settlers established the pattern of farmland which prevailed into the nineteenth century. Most of the Dorset County Council area operates a two-tier comprehensive system whereby pupils attend a primary school before completing their education at secondary school but Corfe Mullen, Dorchester, Ferndown and West Moors maintain a three-tier system (first, middle and high school). However, within three years their gains had been almost entirely reversed by the Parliamentarians. [155] When the waters around Weymouth and Portland were chosen for the sailing events in the 2012 Summer Olympic Games, the area underwent an increased investment in infrastructure and a growth in the marine leisure sector. [153] Dorset's three ports, Poole, Weymouth and Portland, and the smaller harbours of Christchurch, Swanage, Lyme Regis, Wareham and West Bay generate a substantial amount of international trade and tourism. Westmorland | [21] Over the next 200 years Dorset's population grew substantially and additional land was enclosed for farming to provide the extra food required. Dorset has seen much civil unrest: in the English Civil War, an uprising of vigilantes was crushed by Oliver Cromwell's forces in a pitched battle near Shaftesbury; the doomed Monmouth Rebellion began at Lyme Regis; and a group of farm labourers from Tolpuddle were instrumental in the formation of the trade union movement. The A350 also leads north, from Poole through Blandford and Shaftesbury, to Warminster in Wiltshire. [29][30] Sherborne Castle was taken by Fairfax that same year and in 1646 Corfe Castle, the last remaining Royalist stronghold in Dorset, was captured after an act of betrayal: both were subsequently slighted. Shropshire | The Romans conquered Dorset's indigenous Celtic tribe, and during the Early Middle Ages, the Saxons settled the area and made Dorset a shire in the 7th century. [123] In both authorities, elections for the entire council occur every four years. Dorset [.mw-parser-output .IPA a{text-decoration:none}ˈdɔːsɪt] (früher auch Dorsetshire) ist eine traditionelle und zeremonielle Grafschaft in Südwest-England. Cornwall | [149] The military presence has had a mixed effect on the local economy, bringing additional employment for civilians, but on occasion having a negative impact on the tourist trade, particularly when popular areas are closed for military manoeuvres. Over half the county is designated as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The Swanage Railway has been reopened as a heritage railway. In 876 King Alfred the Great trapped a Danish fleet at Arne then drove it out, 120 ships being wrecked at Studland. Buckinghamshire | [213][214], Dorset's flag, which is known as the Dorset Cross or St Wite's Cross, was adopted in 2008 following a public competition organised by Dorset County Council. West Yorkshire | [116] More than half of the county's residents live in the Bournemouth, Poole and Christchurch conurbation. East Riding of Yorkshire | Dorset's high chalk hills have provided a location for defensive settlements for millennia, with a large number of late Bronze Age but mostly Iron Age hill forts, such as Maiden Castle, Hod Hill, Badbury Rings and Hambledon Hill. Since the early 19th century, when George III took holidays in Weymouth while ill, Dorset's tourism industry has grown, with the seaside resorts of Bournemouth and Weymouth, the Jurassic Coast and the county's sparsely populated rural areas attracting millions of visitors each year. 74 were executed; 29 were hanged, drawn and quartered; 175 were deported and many were publicly whipped. [35] The absence of coal however meant that during the Industrial Revolution Dorset was unable to compete with the large mechanised mills of Lancashire and so remained largely rural. [61] The suburb, which is expected to be fully completed by 2025, was designed to integrate residential and retail buildings and counter the growth of dormitory towns and car-oriented development. [11][12], The Romans arrived in Dorset during their conquest of Britain in AD 43. [218], Dorset is connected to London by two main line railways. The remainder is less straightforward and includes Portland and Purbeck stone, other limestones, calcareous clays and shales. Throughout the Medieval period, Dorset was popular amongst the nobility, including a number of kings, for its hunting estates, such as Gillingham and Sherborne. [2] The Saxons named the town Dornwaraceaster (the suffix -ceaster being the Old English name for a "Roman town"; cf. Ramble through this site, … Gloucestershire | The harbour is very shallow in places and contains a number of islands, notably Brownsea Island, the birthplace of the Scouting movement and one of the few remaining sanctuaries for indigenous red squirrels in England. By the time of the Roman Conquest, it is likely that a combination of overpopulation and impoverishment of the soil left many people starving, to which bone analysis of skeletons from Bere Regis bears witness; several of the skeletons present ample evidence of numerous distinct episodes of severe malnourishment during childhood.[7]. [5][6] The first permanent Neolithic settlers appeared around 3000 BC and were responsible for the creation of the Dorset Cursus, a 10.5-kilometre (6.5 mi) monument for ritual or ceremonial purposes. [236] Over 95% of the county falls within the Church of England Diocese of Salisbury. In der St. Martin’s Church Wareham wurde nach dem Tod von Thomas Edward Lawrence, der als Lawrence von Arabien (1888–1935) bekannt geworden war, von seinem Freund Eric Kennington ein Grabmal mit einem Bildnis von Lawrence im arabischen Kleid aufgestellt. The farming economy, however, provided the spark for the Trade Union movement when, in the 1820s a group of farm labourers formed one of the first unions. Aldhelm was the first bishop of the Diocese of Sherborne, created in 705 AD. Some of the county's schools are academies—self-governing state schools which have become independent of their local education authority and are maintained directly by the Department for Education. [103] There are also substantial areas of green belt surrounding the South East Dorset conurbation, filling in the area between this and the Cranborne Chase and the West Wiltshire Downs AONB. Suffolk | [193][194][195], Dorset's only professional football club is A.F.C. Print whole topic. [Note 2][128] Following a review by the Local Government Commission for England, Bournemouth and Poole each became administratively independent single-tier unitary authorities in 1997. C.^ Excluding Poole and Bournemouth, In 2003 the gross value added (GVA) for the non-metropolitan county was £4,673 million, with an additional £4,705 million for Poole and Bournemouth. Until 1951, it was formally called the Dorsetshire Regiment, although usually known as "The Dorsets". Ein Großteil der Küstenlinie von Dorset wurde wegen seiner außergewöhnlichen geologischen Formationen 2001 zum Weltnaturerbe der UNESCO erklärt. The chalk downs were largely deforested during these times, making way for field and pasture. Das Seebad Bournemouth und der Hafen von Poole dominieren den Südosten der ansonsten eher ländlich geprägten Grafschaft. Print whole topic. [233][234] Yellow Buses provide some bus services within Bournemouth and outlying areas.

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