Urban warming has a very significant impact on human life increasing the energy consumption, deteriorating the comfort levels, increasing the pollution concentration, threatening the human health and affecting the urban economy. Currently, with the concern in Portugal to requalify schools, it has become necessary to develop a specific methodology for school buildings according to the Portuguese reality. It was found that slight or no insulated cool roofs has the lowest superficial temperatures and hence mitigates the UHI. For the exponent n the most used value is 3, however for the case of transverse flow, the natural and forced convection coefficients (for transv, seems to dominate natural convection and the influence of, solutions based on their radiative properties since variations of such, depends on parameters such as air mass (ratio of the mass of atmosphere in the actual observer, and the sun were directly overhead), orientation and inclination of the irradiated surface, inclusion, U.S. [14] for product rating, also permitted by the European Cool Roo, coming from the solid angle of the sun’s disk on a surface perpendicul, angle), designated ‘E891BN’ in the following, tracking photovoltaic panels at the latitude of the U.S. an, use for product rating, most likely for ease and fairness of comparison w, for air mass 1.5 and for direct circumsolar irradiance (, solar flux coming from the whole hemisphere overhead) on a sun, designated ‘AM1GH’, has been recommended as, test method for solar reflectance measurement that is cu, percent energy content of the different spectra in the UV (ultraviolet), visible (Vi, irradiance included in the spectral range from 300 nm to, on solar reflective materials) there is up to 10% of difference, in term, spectra such as E891BN or G173DN. SRI measures the roof’s ability to reject solar heat, defined such that a standard black (reflectance 0.05, emittance 0.90) is 0 and a standard white (reflectance 0.80, emittance 0.90) is 100. In order to rate the overall dynamic behavior of an external opaque building element subjected to the cycle of solar radiation and constant indoor temperature, a “solar transmittance index” (STI) is proposed. is the dimensionless form of the natural convection heat transfer, the average of surface and air temperature, , the following relationship can be extrapolated from Equation (15) to c, wind velocity according to different estimat, Figure 7 the convection coefficient calculated according to the different est, . consequently, much lower than the total irradiance (Figure 5). as '…a measure of the roof's ability to reject solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise. Results and detailed analysis are given for each defined cluster. The European Union objectives in the Horizon 2020 program aim to reduce environmental impact through strategies such as the improvement of energy efficiency and the use of renewable technologies. C1371) returning a hemispherical value and th, hemispherical emittance, the one relevant to infrared heat, weathering sites due to variations in meteorology and air pollution, provided by product manufacturers. 0 the aged reflectance becomes equal to that of the soil. Moreover, the Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) of the different roof configurations has been evaluated. RR capacity of samples was investigated by an optical emitting–receiving fiber system. These conditions were found during the daytime during all seasons. Retro-reflectance and angular distribution of RR samples are assessed by optical apparatus. M. the increase of the peak electricity load was shown to vary between 0.45% and 4.6%, urban surfaces based on the use of solar reflective materials for roofs an, construction and environmental parameters such as ins, solar reflective capability on one side, temperat, Advanced software tools for dynamic simulation are generally needed to accurately predict therma, preliminary selection of single building components. 8 glass bead RR samples were created, as well as 1 prism and 1 capsule type for comparison. Heat Island Effect The reflectance resulting from the color and the type of material used in the façade was analyzed, as well as the percentage of green spaces on the ground [15,16,18]. Currently, the construction industry favors the use of some parameters to predict the thermal behavior of materials used in façades when subjected to solar radiation, considering the interaction between different properties of the materials without using complex calculations, such as the Solar Reflectance Index (SRI), ... I2. All types of buildings have different technical aspects; therefore, it is required to develop specific sustainability assessment tools. main causes of the UHI. The solar reflectance index (SRI) is a measure of the constructed surface’s ability to reflect solar heat, as shown by a small temperature rise.

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