These solids consist of the perchlorate anion linked via hydrogen bonds to H2O and H3O+ centers[7] Perchloric acid forms an azeotrope with water, consisting of about 72.5% perchloric acid. The bath was being used to electro-polish aluminium furniture. That its pKa is lower than −9 is evidenced by the fact that its monohydrate contains discrete hydronium ions and can be isolated as a stable, crystalline solid, formulated as [H3O+][ClO–4]. PERCHLORIC ACID, WITH NOT MORE THAN 50% ACID is a solution of a strong oxidizing acid. Perchloric acid is useful for preparing perchlorate salts, especially ammonium perchlorate, an important rocket fuel component. 0000017205 00000 n Acid: Formula: Conjugate Base: K a: Perchloric : HClO 4 : ClO 4- : Very large : Hydriodic : … On February 20, 1947, in Los Angeles, California, 17 people were killed and 150 injured when a bath, consisting of over 1000 litres of 75% perchloric acid and 25% acetic anhydride by volume, exploded. … 0000014794 00000 n 0 [5] Perchloric acid is one of the most proven materials for etching of liquid crystal displays and critical electronics applications as well as ore extraction and has unique properties in analytical chemistry. Anhydrous perchloric acid is an unstable oily liquid at room temperature. 0000003396 00000 n trailer Several million kilograms are produced annually. ClO 4 -Perchlorate ion. The growth in rocketry has led to increased production of perchloric acid. Perchloric acid is dangerously corrosive and readily forms potentially explosive mixtures. ��Jy���wyBT�30�e [�` ����C�:�� ��� 0000000960 00000 n Part 1. I-Iodide. %%EOF Hydroiodic acid. 2022 0 obj<>stream Helmut Vogt, Jan Balej, John E. Bennett, Peter Wintzer, Saeed Akbar Sheikh, Patrizio Gallone "Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 70%, Perchloric Acid, 60%, GR Material Safety Data Sheet, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perchloric_acid&oldid=981668543, Articles with dead external links from March 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 3 October 2020, at 18:47. Perchloric acid is a mineral acid with the formula HClO4. 0000019496 00000 n Use the given values of Ka to arrange the following acids in order of decreasing percent dissociation. Work conducted with perchloric acid must be conducted in fume hoods with a wash-down capability to prevent accumulation of oxidisers in the ductwork. The O'Connor Electro-Plating plant, 25 other buildings, and 40 automobiles were obliterated, and 250 nearby homes were damaged. 0000017167 00000 n Treatment of barium perchlorate with sulfuric acid precipitates barium sulfate, leaving perchloric acid. This includes (but is not limited to) alcohols, amines, boranes, dicyanogen , hydrazines, hydrocarbons, hydrogen , nitroalkanes, powdered metals, silanes, or thiols [Bretherick 1979. p.174]. 0000001961 00000 n Other acids of noncoordinating anions, such as fluoroboric acid and hexafluorophosphoric acid are susceptible to hydrolysis, whereas perchloric acid is not. 0000012605 00000 n HI. XLV. Perchloric acid. Almlöf, Jan; Lundgren, Jan O.; Olovsson, Ivar "Hydrogen Bond Studies. It is a powerful oxidizer when hot, but aqueous solutions up to approximately 70% by weight at room temperature are generally safe, only showing strong acid features and no oxidizing properties. 0000006099 00000 n [12] For similar reasons, it is a useful eluent in ion-exchange chromatography. [3] It provides strong acidity with minimal interference because perchlorate is weakly nucleophilic (explaining the high acidity of HClO4). Such solutions are hygroscopic. "Acidity of Strong Acids in Water and Dimethyl Sulfoxide". x�b```b``y����������X�����acC;P��?H������30�1�5��\�+p���c�� In your example 7.70E-5 is larger and will give you the smaller pKa and is therefore the stronger acid. 0000000016 00000 n Estimate [H3O+] in a 1.7 M solution of each acid. xref [11] The most recent estimate of its aqueous pKa is −15.2±2.0. Crystal structure of perchloric acid 2.5 hydrate", CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, February 20, 1947, in Los Angeles, California, Safety data for concentrated perchloric acid, ca. [14][15], Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, Trummal, A.; Lipping, L.; Kaljurand, I.; Koppel, I. 0000001614 00000 n Usually found as an aqueous solution, this colorless compound is a stronger acid than sulfuric acid and nitric acid. It is also used for electropolishing or etching of aluminium, molybdenum, and other metals. x���1 0ð4�a\GbG&`�'MF[����!��. Acid HA A-Ka pKa Acid Strength Conjugate Base Strength Hydroiodic HI I-Hydrobromic HBr Br-Perchloric HClO4 ClO4-Hydrochloric HCl Cl-Chloric HClO3 ClO3-Sulfuric (1) H2SO4 HSO4-Nitric HNO3 NO3-Strong acids completely dissociate in aq solution (Ka > 1, pKa < 1). Dehydration of perchloric acid gives the anhydride dichlorine heptoxide:[8], Perchloric acid is mainly produced as a precursor to ammonium perchlorate, which is used in rocket fuel. 2020 0 obj <> endobj Meaning large Ka equals good dissociation and good acid. The traditional method exploits the high aqueous solubility of sodium perchlorate (209 g/100 mL of water at room temperature). HClO 4. Treatment of such solutions with hydrochloric acid gives perchloric acid, precipitating solid sodium chloride: The concentrated acid can be purified by distillation. In addition, organic compounds were added to the overheating bath when an iron rack was replaced with one coated with cellulose acetobutyrate (Tenit-2 plastic). Usually found as an aqueous solution, this colorless compound is a stronger acid than sulfuric acid and nitric acid.

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