(2) For example, the farmers of Palampur grow at least two main crops many are growing potato as the third crop in the past fifteen to twenty years. Raw materials and money in hand are called working capital. Ans. Describe the role of infrastructure in the development of the economy. It refers to use of electric-run tubewells. (1) Green Revolution is the name given to the new agricultural technology or techniques of farming adopted in the late 1960s in India. (3) Infrastructure is the support system on which depends the efficient working of a modern industrial economy. Modern farming methods require more inputs which are manufactured in the industry. These seeds require much use of water, fertilizers and pesticides. (ii) It is an active factor of production. This is done by rotating cereals with pulses, legumes, fodder crops, etc. (iii) Continuous and assured irrigation facilities. (ii) Small-scale manufacturing: It is mostly carried out at home or in the fields. Distinguish between the condition of a farmer who is working on his own farm and a landless labourer. 3. About (i)Modern methods of farming make use of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and irrigation methods for more farm output. (iii) Also, this resulted in the commercialisation of agriculture. 10. Which three Indian states were the first to try out the modern farming methods. (1) Generally what are the terms on which small farmers are given loan by money-lenders and big farmers? How is the distribution of land among farmers related to the productivity from the land? So, the working days of these farm labourers are getting further reduced due to mechanised farming. It is the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land. (1) Less than 50 people are engaged in manufacturing in Palampur. So, it is difficult for them to bargain with landowners and secure good wages. They have to look for work on a daily basis. Soon, however, farmers started setting up private tubewells. 38. Ans. Most of the farmers in the country are reluctant to adopt modem farming methods. 6. (1) Modern farming methods require a great deal of capital. What does H.Y.V. 3. (2) In many areas, especially in Punjab and Haryana, loss of soil fertility has been reported due to the increased use of chemical fertilizers. State three reasons for the variation in the wages of farm labours all over India. Why does chemical fertilizer reduce soil fertility? As we have seen in Palampur village where about one-third of 450 families are landless. Explain them. It is sent to the collection centre for further transportation to cities. With a better system of irrigation, farmers of Palampur were able to grow more than one crop. Farmers now need more money than before as modern methods of farming to require more inputs which are manufactured in the industry. Ans. Ans. (5) It results in low productivity from land. Ans. 33. They are put to great distress to repay the loan, which is not so in .the case of medium and large farmers. Name any four non-farm production activities practised in Palampur. Such practices include the intensity of cropping, rotation of crops, multiple cropping, fallowing, etc. (1) Land being a natural resource is necessary to be careful in its use. Name any two factors of production. (iv) Transport: There are various means of transport in the village Palampur like rickshaw, tonga, jeep, tractors and trucks, etc. If you are at an office or shared network, you can ask the network administrator to run a scan across the network looking for misconfigured or infected devices. WI) Society gains through educated and healthy human capital. Some opened shops at bus stop to sell eatables. 6. Ans. warning Report Error. (i)The modern method of farming is the way of increasing agricultural production. (1) Ploughing is done using a tractor. Explain the problems which arise due to the unequal distribution of land. (1) Overuse of natural resources adversely affects the ecological balance. Explain the ill-effects of the Green Revolution. They are thus, able to arrange the capital needed for farming. Agricultural machinery comprising tractors, harvesters, threshers, etc. (1) Rainfall in some areas is not adequate as well as it is uncertain in Deccan and central India, Punjab, Rajasthan, etc. 35. Describe five ways through which the farmers of Palampur are able to grow more from the same land. Current Affairs | 1. | (2) There were often mutual conflicts among farmers because of their due share of ponds or canal water. Explain the four requirements for the production of goods and services. How do large farmers utilise surplus farm products to arrange for the capital needed for farming? Ans. | Or Describe the condition of the farm labourers. 17. What factors were responsible for it? 3. Ans. Now, they use chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming. (2)(i) Labour is the important factor of production. They cause the soil to lose its fertility. This is the stock of skill and productive knowledge embodied in them. There are two types of physical capital: (i) Fixed Capital: Tools, machines, buildings can be used in production over many years, and are called fixed capital. (1) Earlier Persian wheels were used by farmers to draw water from the wells and irrigate small fields. (iii) Chemical fertilizers can kill useful bacteria and other micro-organisms in the soil. Agriculture and related activities. (2) The most important factor of production for modem farming methods is capital. Higher yields are possible oat, from a combination of HYV seeds, irrigation, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, etc. (5) It is very important to create general awareness among the villagers regarding the scope and variety of new non-farm activities which could be started by them in their homes or outside. Which one is the most important? For example, bamboo used for paper and wheat for biscuits is raw materials. They are, thus, able to arrange their capital needs for themselves. (2) Wheat, barley, peas, grams are some examples of rabi crops. How is the distribution of land among farmers related to the productivity from the land? We must avoid pollution of land. (iv) Agriculture was selectively mechanised. (1) Modern farming methods need inputs like chemical fertilizers, pesticides, tractors, etc. Which one activity do you feel to be important? These are as follows : (i) Dairy-keeping: Milk is sold in Raiganj. (4) When two or more crops are grown on the same piece of land, the crop yield increases. Small farmers usually need to borrow money to arrange for the capital, and are put to great distress to repay the loan. (6) To grow more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is known as multiple cropping. (2) Small-scale sector, especially in rural areas, needs to be protected by capital investment restrictions so that they are not taken away by corporates. (2) Now, farmers are able to grow three different crops in a year due to the well-developed system of irrigation. For example, the machinery required to successfully run a large-scale dairy farm is much different than that required to run a small winery. What are H.Y.V. (2) The farmers of Palampur have set up tube wells for irrigation and made use of HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming. (1) (i) The first requirement is the land. (4) Illiteracy and ignorance. Notification Modern farming methods require a great deal of-a)Out put b)Inputc)Both of themd)None of theseCorrect answer is option 'B'. It is sent to the collection centre for further transportation to cities. How do the chemical fertilizers affect the soil, groundwater, rivers and lakes? (4) Education and health of the people especially in rural areas need to be looked after. Explain the distribution of land among farmers in Palampur.

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